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Related Concept Videos

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
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Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

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Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Computed Tomography-guided Time-domain Diffuse Fluorescence Tomography in Small Animals for Localization of Cancer Biomarkers
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Depth-recognizable time-domain fluorescence molecular tomography in reflective geometry.

Jiaju Cheng1, Peng Zhang2,3, Chuangjian Cai1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Biomedical Optics Express
|August 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Time-domain reflective fluorescence molecular tomography (TD-rFMT) enables surface fluorescence imaging independent of object size. This technique accurately reconstructs deep targets, expanding fluorescence molecular tomography applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical optics
  • Medical imaging
  • Fluorescence molecular tomography

Background:

  • Conventional fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is limited to small animals due to the requirement of full object photon penetration.
  • Reflective photons allow reconstruction of surface fluorescence distribution irrespective of object size, broadening FMT applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce time-domain reflective fluorescence molecular tomography (TD-rFMT) for non-invasive imaging.
  • To improve reconstruction accuracy for deep targets in reflective FMT.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a TD-rFMT system exciting and detecting emission light within a 5 cm field of view.
  • Implemented depth regularization for fluorescence yield reconstruction.
  • Utilized a weighted separation strategy for lifetime reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • TD-rFMT successfully reconstructed fluorescence distribution within a 2.5 cm depth.
  • Accurate reconstruction of fluorescence yield, lifetime, and target position(s) was achieved.
  • Demonstrated capability through simulations and phantom experiments.

Conclusions:

  • TD-rFMT overcomes the size limitations of conventional FMT.
  • The developed methods enhance performance for deep targets, improving accuracy.
  • TD-rFMT shows promise for applications like surgical navigation.