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Updated: Oct 22, 2025

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Addressing Implicit Bias in First-Year Medical Students: a Longitudinal, Multidisciplinary Training Program.

Megan Ruben1, Norma S Saks1

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|August 30, 2021
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Summary

Implicit bias in healthcare contributes to disparities. A multidisciplinary training program for medical students showed promise in reducing implicit bias and increasing awareness, though further refinement is needed for significant impact.

Keywords:
Art and medicineHealthcare disparitiesImplicit biasPre-clinical medical education

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Health Disparities
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Implicit bias among healthcare providers is a known contributor to health disparities.
  • Medical school curricula often lack formal methods for assessing and reducing implicit bias in students.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a longitudinal, multidisciplinary training program for first-year medical students.
  • The program aimed to reduce implicit bias toward skin tone and increase awareness of personal bias.

Main Methods:

  • A three-part program involving art museum visits, medical anthropology lectures, and sociological discussions on bias in research.
  • Participants completed the Harvard Implicit Association Test for Skin Tone and a bias awareness questionnaire pre- and post-intervention.
  • A control group did not participate in the training.

Main Results:

  • All participants exhibited a bias toward lighter skin tones.
  • While no significant change in implicit bias was observed, the intervention group showed a trend toward reduction.
  • The experimental group demonstrated increased awareness and richer personal reflections on implicit bias in healthcare.

Conclusions:

  • Medical students recognize that implicit bias impacts healthcare and perpetuates disparities but struggle to identify it in themselves.
  • A longitudinal, multidisciplinary approach to bias training shows potential for improving awareness and reducing implicit bias in medical students.
  • Further curriculum development may yield significant reductions in implicit bias.