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Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
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Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
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Subacute Thyroiditis During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.

Alessandro Brancatella1, Nicola Viola1, Grazia Rutigliano2

  • 1Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy.

Journal of the Endocrine Society
|August 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic altered the timing and severity of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) cases. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased SAT incidence and more severe thyroid dysfunction.

Keywords:
SATthyroidthyroid dysfunctionthyroiditisviruses

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) has been linked to Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
  • The pandemic's impact on SAT patterns requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare subacute thyroiditis (SAT) cases during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic with those from previous years.
  • To analyze the clinical characteristics and timing of SAT in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed SAT patients from January 2016 to December 2020.
  • Patients were categorized into pre-SARS-CoV-2 (2016-2019) and pos- or neg-SARS-CoV-2 (2020) groups based on infection status.

Main Results:

  • In 2020, SAT cases showed two peaks coinciding with SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, unlike previous years.
  • Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibited higher free thyroxine, C-reactive protein, and thyroglobulin levels, and a greater incidence of hypothyroidism.
  • Non-infected patients presented intermediate clinical features.

Conclusions:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly shifted the seasonal occurrence of subacute thyroiditis.
  • The pandemic is associated with increased severity and altered clinical presentation of SAT.