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Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach
Published on: June 10, 2021
Metal-Free Catalyzed Synthesis of Fluorescent Indolizine Derivatives
Yu-Chang Yuan1, Tian-Zhen Liu1, Bao-Xiang Zhao1
1Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
Abstract:
A mild and high efficient method to prepare indolizines by two-component reaction with the acid as the catalyst was developed. In this reaction, a new ring efficiently formed in one-step reaction. A wide range of substrates could be applied and the desired products were obtained in 8-95% yields under metal-free conditions. Different indolizine derivatives (compounds 3a-3n) were synthesized by general conditions and microwave irradiation conditions, and compound 3a gave the best results with an isolated yield of 95% and 82%, respectively. The structures of synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral analysis, and compound 3m was confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. UV-vis absorption and fluorescence properties of these compounds were correlated with substituent groups on indolizine rings.
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