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Equilibrium and Balance

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...

Anatomy of the Ear

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...

The Vestibular System

The Vestibular System

The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.

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Endolymphatic Duct Blockage as a Surgical Treatment Option for Ménière's Disease

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Published on: April 28, 2023

Cochlear implant surgery and perioperative dizziness is associated with utricular hyperfunction.

Michelle Truong^1,2, Christo Bester¹, Kumiko Orimoto^1,3

¹Department of Surgery, Otolaryngology, University of Melbourne.

Journal of Vestibular Research : Equilibrium & Orientation

|August 30, 2021

Summary

Cochlear implantation (CI) surgery can cause temporary utricular hyperfunction, leading to dizziness. This utricular dysfunction resolves within six weeks, with greater deviations observed in patients experiencing dizziness.

Keywords:

Cochlear implantation cochlear implant trauma endolymphatic hydrops subjective visual vertical utricle

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Neuroscience
Vestibular System

Background:

Dizziness is a frequent complication following cochlear implantation (CI).
The precise etiology of post-CI dizziness remains elusive.
Emerging evidence suggests potential alterations in otolith function, specifically the utricle, after CI surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between cochlear implantation surgery, perioperative dizziness, and changes in utricular function.

Main Methods:

An observational study involving adult patients undergoing routine CI.
Assessment of utricular function using the Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV).
Perioperative dizziness evaluated via questionnaire, with follow-ups at 1-day, 1-week, and 6-weeks post-implantation.

Main Results:

A statistically significant deviation in SVV away from the operated ear was observed post-CI (2.17° at 1 day, 0.889° at 1 week, -0.25° at 6 weeks).
Dizziness correlated with a 0.5° tilt away from the implanted ear.
Forty-one adult CI recipients were included in the analysis.

Conclusions:

Cochlear implantation induces transient utricular hyperfunction in the operated ear, which normalizes within six weeks.
The observed SVV deviations in dizzy participants suggest that utricular hyperfunction may be a contributing factor to post-CI dizziness.