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Updated: Oct 22, 2025
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Published on: May 10, 2024
EOSINOPHILIC GASTRITIS IN CHILDREN: MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
Insights
Eosinophilic gastritis in children shows significant inflammation and impaired mucosal healing, leading to fibrosis. This study highlights key morphological and immunohistochemical changes for better understanding and prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Gastrointestinal Pathology
- Immunohistochemistry
Background:
- Eosinophilic gastritis (EG) is an inflammatory condition affecting the stomach.
- Understanding the specific pathological changes in pediatric EG is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the unique morphological and immunohistochemical alterations in the gastric mucosa of children diagnosed with eosinophilic gastritis.
- To compare these findings with lymphocytic gastritis.
Main Methods:
- Histological examination of gastric mucosa using hematoxylin, eosin, and van Gieson's staining.
- Immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, Bax, Collagen Type IV, TGF-β, and NF-κβ.
- Inclusion of patients with EG and lymphocytic gastritis for comparative analysis.
Main Results:
- EG is associated with fibrosis, fibroblast proliferation, hemorrhages, thrombosis, and erosions in the gastric mucosa.
- Immunohistochemistry revealed increased proliferative activity (PCNA) and altered apoptotic markers (Bcl-2, Bax) in EG.
- Elevated Collagen Type IV and TGF-β expression were observed, correlating with fibrosis and inflammation in EG patients.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric eosinophilic gastritis is characterized by significant inflammation and impaired mucosal regeneration.
- These changes, particularly impaired cellular restoration, serve as prognostic indicators for the development of gastric fibrosis.
Objective:
The aim: To study peculiarities of morphological and immunohistochemical changes of stomach's mucosa in eosinophilic gastritis in children.
Patients And Methods:
Materials and methods: 64.1±6.0% patients with eosinophilic gastritis and 35.9±6.0% patients with lymphocytic gastritis participated in our investigation. In order to verify the diagnosis morphological and immunohistochemical diagnostics of the stomach's mucosa was performed in all children. To assess morphological changes in tissues the specimens were colored with hematoxylin, eosin and picrofuchsin by van Gieson's. Indirect streptavidin-peroxydase staining method was used for immunohistochemical investigation and the following indexes were assessed: proliferating cell nuclear antigen - PCNA, Bcl - 2, Вax, Collagen Type ІV, TGFβ and NF-κβ.
Results:
Results: Comparative analysis of morphologic investigation has demonstrated that eosinophilic gastritis is characterized by fibrosis and fibroblasts proliferation into basal and superficial parts of mucosa's lamina propria, multiple hemorrhages, thrombosis and erosions on the background of eosinophilic infiltration. Immunohistochemical indexes of cellular restoration in eosinophilic gastritis are characterized by increased proliferative activity and decreased indexes of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic activity. Prevalence of the reaction with the use of monoclonal antibodies to Collagen Type IV in majority of children with eosinophilic gastritis was characterized by separate fragmented foci in basal membranes of superficial epithelium. Remarkable TGFβ immune coloration was detected in majority of children on the background of fibrosis and eosinophilic infiltration of lamina propria. NF-κβ expression in epitheliocytes' cytoplasm and nuclei was uneven. Homogenous remarkable coloration was detected in majority of patients with lymphocytic infiltration of mucosa.
Conclusion:
Conclusions: Eosinophilic gastritis course in children is characterized by remarkable inflammation, decreased regeneration of the mucosa, impairment of cellular restoration which is prognostic index of fibrous remodeling development.
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