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Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Association between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Dilek Karakaya1, Gunes Çakmak Genc2, Sevim Karakas Celik2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gebze Medical Park Hospital, Kavak Street No:5, Gebze/Kocaeli, Turkey. drarpaci@gmail.com.

Molecular Biology Reports
|August 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The IL-18 gene

Keywords:
-137 IL18 CG genotype-607 AC genotypeHashimoto’s thyroiditisInterleukin 18 gene polymorphism

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Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Endocrinology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a frequent autoimmune thyroid disease mediated by T helper-1 lymphocytes.
  • Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is expressed in thyroid follicular cells during HT, but its role remains controversial.
  • This study investigates the association between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and HT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between specific IL-18 gene polymorphisms and the risk of developing Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
  • To determine if IL-18 genetic variations influence susceptibility to HT.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of IL-18 gene polymorphisms (-607C/A and -137G/C) using PCR-RFLP.
  • Comparison of genotype frequencies between 97 HT patients and 86 healthy controls.
  • Statistical analysis to assess the association and risk (Odds Ratio).

Main Results:

  • The IL-18 -137 G/C genotype was significantly more frequent in HT patients compared to controls.
  • Carrying the -137 G/C genotype increased the risk of HT by over 2.2 times.
  • The IL-18 -607 A/C genotype was more prevalent in the healthy control group, suggesting a potential protective effect.

Conclusions:

  • The IL-18 -137 G/C genotype may be a risk factor for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
  • The IL-18 -607 A/C genotype might offer a protective effect against HT.
  • Further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying HT is warranted.