[Statics and dynamics of psychopathies in the concept of Ε. Κraepelin]

The concept of psychopathic personalities presented in the 8-th last lifetime edition of E. Kraepelin's textbook is analyzed. The special interest was guided by the fact that many types of psychopathic personalities were described by E. Kraepelin in other rubrics: «primary morbid states», manic-depressive illness, paranoia, hysteria, Dementia praecox. E. Kraepelin gave also a prognosis of further development of psychopathic personality and by this way analyzed its dynamics. So, for example, he found that the prognosis of unstable personalities is less favorable compared to those with excitable type. E. Kraepelin subdivided the types of «liars and swindlers», "antisocial" and also hysterics according to the prognosis in stationary and regredient courses. The regredient course of psychopathy E. Kraepelin explained by behindhand maturing of psychopathic traits caused by partial infantilism. Constitutionally depressed, constitutionally excited, irritable and cyclothymic psychopathic types distinguished by their disposition to phasic manifesting affective disorders (MDP), but were capable also to remain stationary during the lifetime as the corresponding three types of psychopathic personalities delineated by E. Kraepelin in schizophrenia. The type of «nervous» (from the rubric of «primary morbid states») was the ground for obsessive-compulsive neurosis, sexual perversions and also was able to combine with more or less prominent traits of other psychopathic types. According to clinical features, the «nervous» type was the expression of the conceptually preceding notion of general «degenerative constitution». It is important to note that E. Kraepelin considered the possibilities of combinations of different psychopathic types (connections of psychopathic traits) but never considered the possibility of development from one innate psychopathic type in the other.