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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
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Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...

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Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization
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Plasmon Coupling in DNA-Assembled Silver Nanoclusters.

Qiong Wu1, Chengcheng Liu1, Cheng Cui1,2

  • 1Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum-size metal clusters, like DNA-silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs), can exhibit plasmon coupling. This study provides experimental evidence for plasmon coupling in assembled DNA-AgNCs, opening doors for new plasmonic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • * Plasmonics and Nanophotonics
  • * Quantum Dot and Nanocluster Science
  • * Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanomaterials

Background:

  • * Quantum-size metal clusters theoretically support collective plasmon excitation.
  • * Experimental evidence for plasmon coupling in few-atom metal clusters is scarce.
  • * DNA-templated silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) offer a platform for controlled assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate plasmon coupling in assembled DNA-AgNCs.
  • * To explore the optical absorption properties of DNA-AgNCs as a function of assembly distance.
  • * To determine the potential of DNA-AgNCs for plasmon-coupling applications.

Main Methods:

  • * Synthesis of DNA-templated Ag nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs).
  • * Assembly of DNA-AgNCs via DNA hybridization to control inter-cluster distances.
  • * Optical absorption spectroscopy to analyze spectral shifts upon assembly.
  • * Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) simulations to understand absorption mechanisms and electric field enhancement.

Main Results:

  • * Optical absorption peaks of assembled DNA-AgNCs showed sensitivity to inter-cluster distances, characteristic of plasmon coupling.
  • * TDDFT simulations confirmed plasmonic origin of absorption in individual DNA-AgNCs due to dipolar charge distribution and multiple transitions.
  • * Experimental and simulation results demonstrated consistent peak-shifting trends, suggesting the presence of plasmon coupling between assembled DNA-AgNCs.

Conclusions:

  • * Quantum-size structures, specifically DNA-AgNCs, can support plasmon coupling.
  • * DNA-AgNCs exhibit potential as building blocks for ultrasmall, site-specific, and biocompatible plasmon-coupling devices.
  • * The findings advance the understanding of plasmon phenomena in nanoscale systems and their device applications.