Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 22, 2025
07:58
qKAT: Quantitative Semi-automated Typing of Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Genes
Published on: March 6, 2019
8.8K
HLA-C and KIR permutations influence chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk
Takudzwa Mkorombindo1, Thi K Tran-Nguyen1, Kaiyu Yuan1
1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
JCI Insight
|August 31, 2021
Summary
Genetic factors, specifically human leukocyte antigen-Class I (HLA-Class I) and killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) variations, significantly impact chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk. These genetic links highlight the role of cytotoxic lymphocytes in COPD development.
Area of Science:
- Immunogenetics
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Hereditary factors are recognized contributors to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility.
- Cytotoxic lymphocytes, through interactions between killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) and human leukocyte antigen-Class I (HLA-Class I) molecules, are involved in COPD pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that human leukocyte antigen-Class I (HLA-Class I) and killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) inheritance influence the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Main Methods:
- Candidate gene analyses were performed on HLA-Class I alleles and KIR genotypes in multiple cohorts of COPD patients (n=392) and control smokers (n=342).
- Statistical comparisons were made between COPD patients and controls to identify significant genetic associations.
Main Results:
- Patients with COPD showed an overrepresentation of HLA-C*07 and activating KIR2DS1, and an underrepresentation of HLA-C*12 compared to controls.
- Specific HLA-KIR combinations demonstrated synergistic effects, with certain permutations significantly associated with COPD, particularly in HLA-C1 allotype homozygotes.
- Lymphocyte cytotoxicity in COPD patients was more enhanced by KIR stimulation than in controls and correlated with lung function.
Conclusions:
- Polymorphisms in HLA-C and KIR genes are strong determinants of COPD susceptibility.
- These findings underscore the critical role of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity in COPD pathogenesis.
- HLA-KIR typing may aid in stratifying patients at risk for COPD and suggests potential therapeutic strategies targeting the HLA-KIR axis.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
3.1K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
3.1K
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
3.3K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammation
3.3K
01:25Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
3.0K
Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
3.0K
01:22Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
1.6K
COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
1.6K
01:05Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
16.9K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
16.9K
01:20COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
713
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
713