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Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer

Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer

Published on: July 26, 2024

Differences in ebullitive methane release from small, shallow ponds present challenges for scaling.

A A P Baron¹, L T Dyck¹, H Amjad²

¹School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.

The Science of the Total Environment

|August 31, 2021

Summary

Greenhouse gas release from small, shallow ponds is significant, with methane (CH4) ebullition rates higher than previously reported. Drivers of this release remain unclear, necessitating caution when scaling emissions estimates.

Keywords:

Ebullition Greenhouse gas Organic matter Shallow water Sulphate Temperature

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Geochemistry
Limnology

Background:

Small, shallow waterbodies are crucial yet understudied greenhouse gas emitters.
Ebullition, a form of gas release, may be more significant in these systems than in larger ones.

Purpose of the Study:

Quantify methane (CH4) ebullition rates in North American shallow ponds.
Investigate the physicochemical drivers influencing CH4 release.

Main Methods:

Measured open-water season ebullitive CH4 release across 15 sites in three North American regions.
Assessed relationships between CH4 flux and factors like organic matter, temperature, and sulphate.

Main Results:

Observed CH4 ebullition rates up to 40 mmol m-2 d-1, exceeding previous findings for similar systems.
CH4 release varied by four orders of magnitude, with weak correlations to temperature, organic matter, and sulphate.
Sulphate may suppress CH4 production at high concentrations; low release at Missouri sites suggests bioturbation's role.

Conclusions:

Small shallow ponds are significant CH4 sources, with high variability in ebullition rates.
Physicochemical factors, particularly sulphate, show complex or limited control on CH4 release.
Further research is needed to understand drivers, and emission scaling based on temperature requires caution.