Campylobacter fetus Meningitis: A diagnosis to suggest in immunocompromised patients

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Neurology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Campylobacter fetus is a known cause of gastroenteritis in humans.
• Systemic infections are rare and typically occur in immunocompromised patients with chronic illnesses.
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease often managed with immunosuppressive therapy.

Observation:

• A 48-year-old woman with a history of SLE, treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, presented with meningitis.
• Cerebrospinal fluid cultures confirmed the presence of Campylobacter fetus.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with Campylobacter fetus meningitis, a rare but serious complication.
• Treatment with imipenem and ciprofloxacin resulted in a favorable clinical outcome.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering Campylobacter fetus in the differential diagnosis of meningitis in immunocompromised patients.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy are crucial for managing invasive Campylobacter fetus infections.
• Further research may elucidate specific risk factors and optimal treatment strategies for Campylobacter fetus meningitis in immunocompromised populations.