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A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis
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Factors Affecting In-stent Restenosis in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty

Mostafa Sajadian1, Ladan Alizadeh1, Mahmoud Ganjifard2

  • 1Atherosclerosis Prevention Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

Galen Medical Journal
|September 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

In-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCI) is a challenge. Stent site, length, hypertension, and diabetes are probable factors influencing ISR, requiring further research into other risks.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCI) and stent implantation are standard treatments for coronary artery stenosis.
  • In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a significant clinical challenge following these procedures.
  • The precise factors contributing to ISR are not fully elucidated, with conflicting evidence regarding coronary artery disease (CAD) factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive review of potential factors influencing in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients who have undergone PCI.
  • To synthesize current evidence on the relationship between various patient and procedural factors and the occurrence of ISR.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review methodology was employed.
  • Extensive literature searches were performed across major scientific databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
  • The search covered publications from January 1, 1990, to July 30, 2017, with a rigorous screening process resulting in the selection of 39 relevant papers.

Main Results:

  • The analysis identified the anatomical site and length of the implanted stent as highly probable factors associated with ISR.
  • Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were also confirmed as significant contributing factors to ISR.
  • The review highlighted the need for further investigation into other potential risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Stent characteristics (site and length) and patient comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes) are key factors implicated in ISR development.
  • Additional research is warranted to explore the impact of genetic factors, obesity, chronic infections, and glycemic control (e.g., Hemoglobin A1C) on ISR.

Keywords:
AngioplastyCoronary StenosisIn-Stent RestenosisStents

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