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Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
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Aggregation-induced emission luminogens for highly effective microwave dynamic therapy.

Nil Kanatha Pandey1, Wei Xiong2, Lingyun Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.

Bioactive Materials
|September 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) can now be used with microwaves for cancer therapy. This novel microwave dynamic therapy (MWDT) overcomes light penetration limits, effectively killing cancer cells with reduced side effects.

Keywords:
AIEgensCancer treatmentMicrowave ablationMicrowavesPhotodynamic therapyReactive oxygen speciesSinglet oxygen

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) show promise for photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to their ROS generation and light-up properties.
  • Limited light penetration depth hinders clinical PDT applications.
  • Microwaves (MWs) offer superior tissue penetration compared to light.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate AIEgen-mediated microwave dynamic therapy (MWDT) for cancer treatment.
  • To evaluate AIEgens as novel microwave sensitizers for ROS generation.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional PDT and enhance MW ablation therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized and characterized two AIEgens (TPEPy-I and TPEPy-PF6).
  • Assessed AIEgen-mediated ROS generation under microwave irradiation.
  • Evaluated cancer cell viability using MTT and live/dead assays after MWDT.

Main Results:

  • Two AIEgens (TPEPy-I and TPEPy-PF6) effectively generated ROS, including singlet oxygen, upon microwave activation.
  • MWDT significantly reduced cancer cell viability with IC-50 values of 2.73 μM and 3.22 μM, respectively.
  • MWDT demonstrated potential to reduce the required MW dose, minimizing side effects.

Conclusions:

  • AIEgens can function as effective microwave sensitizers for cancer therapy.
  • AIEgen-mediated MWDT offers a promising alternative to PDT, overcoming light penetration limitations.
  • This approach enhances existing MW ablation therapy by improving efficacy and reducing adverse effects.