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Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

46.7K
Overview
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
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Introduction To Health Care Delivery System01:18

Introduction To Health Care Delivery System

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The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus
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Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus

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Delaware Faces Immunization Challenges Head-on.

Jim Talbott1, Paul Hess1

  • 1Delaware Division of Public Health.

Delaware Journal of Public Health
|September 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Delaware maintains high childhood immunization rates due to school mandates, but vaccine uptake declines with age. Targeted studies are needed to identify and address under-immunized populations to prevent disease outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunization Practices

Background:

  • Delaware demonstrates high childhood vaccination coverage for vaccine-preventable diseases, attributed to mandatory kindergarten immunization laws.
  • Vaccination uptake decreases as children age beyond primary schooling, with HPV vaccination rates falling below Healthy People 2020 targets.
  • Recent outbreaks highlight the increased disease risk in under-immunized communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the history of under-immunized vaccine-preventable diseases in Delaware.
  • To analyze recent outbreaks and the Delaware Division of Public Health's response strategies.
  • To identify under-immunized populations and assess disease surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical data on vaccine-preventable diseases and outbreaks.

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  • Analysis of Delaware Division of Public Health's intervention strategies, including education and outreach.
  • Monitoring of state vaccine coverage levels and disease surveillance data.

    • Main Results:

    • Mandatory kindergarten immunizations contribute to high pediatric vaccination rates in Delaware.
    • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates in Delaware exceed national averages but do not meet Healthy People 2020 goals.
    • Outbreaks, such as pertussis in the Amish community and the threat of Hepatitis A, underscore the need for ongoing public health interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • Sustained public health initiatives and resource allocation are crucial for maintaining immunization awareness and protecting vulnerable populations.
    • Targeted studies are necessary to pinpoint areas of lower vaccination coverage and implement effective strategies.
    • Continuous monitoring of vaccine coverage and disease outbreaks is essential for proactive public health management.