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Mitral Regurgitation in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery

Ellen W Richter1, Islam M Shehata2, Hamdy M Elsayed-Awad3

  • 1Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
|September 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Mitral regurgitation (MR) poses risks for patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. This review covers guideline updates for anesthesiologists on managing significant MR, focusing on preoperative evaluation and anesthetic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common valvular heart disease.
  • Significant MR increases perioperative cardiovascular complication risks during noncardiac surgery.
  • MR has primary and secondary causes affecting the valve or left ventricle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight American College of Cardiologists (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) guideline updates for anesthesiologists.
  • To review pathophysiology, natural history, and staging of MR.
  • To discuss anesthetic management for noncardiac surgery patients with MR.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current ACC/AHA guidelines.
  • Discussion of MR pathophysiology, natural history, and staging.
  • Application of guidelines to anesthetic management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Guideline updates provide critical information for managing MR patients.
  • Understanding MR types and staging is essential for risk assessment.
  • Specific anesthetic considerations are crucial for patient safety.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesiologists must be aware of guideline updates for MR management.
  • Comprehensive preoperative evaluation and tailored anesthetic plans are vital.
  • Effective intraoperative monitoring and hemodynamic management improve outcomes.
Keywords:
cardiovascular riskdegenerative mitral regurgitationheart failureintraoperative assessmentischemic mitral regurgitationmitral valvenoncardiac surgery

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