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Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) point-of-care test (POCT) in the COVID-19 pandemic
Timo Sorsa1,2, Vaibhav Sahni3, Nurcan Buduneli4
1Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Introduction:
Active matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP)-8 utilized in point-of-care testing (POCT) is regarded as a potential biomarker for periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Various host and microbial factors eventually influence the expression, degranulation, levels and activation of aMMP-8. The type of oral fluids (saliva, mouthrinse, gingival crevicular, and peri-implant sulcular fluids [GCF/PISF], respectively) affect the analysis.
Areas Covered:
With this background, we aimed to review here the recent studies on practical, inexpensive, noninvasive and quantitative mouthrinse and GCF/PISF chair-side POCT lateral flow aMMP-8 immunoassays (PerioSafe and ImplantSafe/ORALyzer) and how they help to detect, predict, monitor the course, treatment and prevention of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. The correlations of aMMP-8 POCT to other independent and catalytic activity assays of MMP-8 are also addressed.
Expert Opinion:
The mouthrinse aMMP-8 POCT can also detect prediabetes/diabetes and tissue destructive oral side-effects due to the head and neck cancers' radiotherapy. Chlorhexidine and doxycycline can inhibit collagenolytic human neutrophil and GCF aMMP-8. Furthermore, by a set of case-series we demonstrate the potential of mouthrinse aMMP-8 POCT to real-time/online detect periodontitis as a potential risk disease for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The clinical interdisciplinary utilization of aMMP-8 POCT requires additional oral, medical, and interdisciplinary studies.
Insights
Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) point-of-care tests offer a practical method for detecting periodontal and peri-implant diseases. These noninvasive assays in mouthrinse and other oral fluids can also indicate risks for diabetes and COVID-19.
Area of Science:
- Biomarker Discovery
- Oral Diagnostics
- Point-of-Care Testing
Background:
- Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) is a key biomarker for periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
- Host and microbial factors influence aMMP-8 levels and activation.
- Oral fluid types (saliva, mouthrinse, GCF/PISF) impact aMMP-8 analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review recent studies on chair-side POCT lateral flow immunoassays for aMMP-8.
- Evaluate the utility of mouthrinse and GCF/PISF assays in detecting, predicting, and monitoring periodontal and peri-implantitis.
- Address correlations between aMMP-8 POCT and other MMP-8 activity assays.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on practical, inexpensive, noninvasive, and quantitative mouthrinse and GCF/PISF chair-side POCT lateral flow aMMP-8 immunoassays.
- Analysis of the role of these assays in detecting, predicting, monitoring treatment, and preventing periodontitis and peri-implantitis.
- Examination of correlations between aMMP-8 POCT and independent/catalytic activity assays of MMP-8.
Main Results:
- Mouthrinse aMMP-8 POCT can detect prediabetes/diabetes and radiotherapy-induced oral side-effects.
- Chlorhexidine and doxycycline inhibit collagenolytic human neutrophil and GCF aMMP-8.
- Mouthrinse aMMP-8 POCT shows potential for real-time detection of periodontitis as a risk factor for COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- Chair-side POCT for aMMP-8 in oral fluids is a valuable tool for managing periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
- aMMP-8 POCT has broader applications, including detecting systemic conditions like diabetes and assessing COVID-19 risk.
- Further interdisciplinary studies are needed to fully integrate aMMP-8 POCT into clinical practice.
