Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

1.3K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.3K
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

869
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
869

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Analysis of risk factors for bloodstream infections related to totally implantable venous access ports in breast cancer patients.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Metagenomic analysis of the DNA virome communities in swine lungs.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026
Same author

Revealing gut microbiota profiles and their influencing factors in commercial boars of three breeds by a large-scale metagenome study.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026
Same author

Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2<sup>+</sup> Macrophages Promote Pancreatic Regeneration Through Cholesterol-Metabolism Reprogramming and Hedgehog Signaling Activation Following Acute Pancreatitis.

Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology·2026
Same author

Plasma-derived exosomes from Graves' orbitopathy: Pathogenic entities causing tissue lesions.

Experimental eye research·2026
Same author

Topological characteristics and longitudinal dynamics of co-abundance networks involving beneficial commensal bacteria in the pig gut microbiome and its association with average daily gain.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Quantifying the Activity of cis-Regulatory Elements in the Mouse Retina by Explant Electroporation
07:38

Quantifying the Activity of cis-Regulatory Elements in the Mouse Retina by Explant Electroporation

Published on: June 28, 2011

14.7K

Widespread translational control regulates retinal development in mouse.

Kaining Chen1, Congying Chen1, Huihui Li1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.

Nucleic Acids Research
|September 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals dynamic translational regulation during mouse retinal development, uncovering thousands of genes and novel micropeptides. These findings offer new insights into how protein synthesis guides eye development and neuronal function.

More Related Videos

Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina
09:03

Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina

Published on: February 13, 2021

4.6K
Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs
06:58

Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs

Published on: May 18, 2022

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Quantifying the Activity of cis-Regulatory Elements in the Mouse Retina by Explant Electroporation
07:38

Quantifying the Activity of cis-Regulatory Elements in the Mouse Retina by Explant Electroporation

Published on: June 28, 2011

14.7K
Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina
09:03

Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina

Published on: February 13, 2021

4.6K
Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs
06:58

Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs

Published on: May 18, 2022

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Retinal development requires precise gene expression control for neuronal circuitry formation.
  • Understanding translational regulation's role in retinogenesis remains limited despite advances in gene expression studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively survey the translatome and transcriptome during mouse retinal development.
  • To identify genes and mechanisms involved in translational regulation during retinogenesis.
  • To discover novel micropeptides and their functions in retinal development.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of translatome and transcriptome data across embryonic, juvenile, and adult mouse retinal stages.
  • Identification of genes with dynamic translational efficiency changes.
  • Analysis of upstream open reading frame (uORF) usage for translational control.
  • In vitro and in vivo validation of newly discovered micropeptides.

Main Results:

  • Thousands of genes exhibit dynamic translational changes and stage-specific regulation during retinogenesis.
  • Translational efficiency of specific neuronal function-related genes is controlled by uORF usage.
  • Hundreds of previously uncharacterized micropeptides, translated from non-coding RNAs, were identified and validated.
  • These micropeptides show potential roles in regulating retinal development.

Conclusions:

  • Translational regulation plays a pervasive and complex role in mouse retinal development.
  • uORF-mediated translational control impacts key neuronal functions.
  • Novel micropeptides represent a new layer of regulatory molecules in retinogenesis.
  • This study provides a rich resource and novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of eye development.