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Environmental Applications of Microorganisms01:30

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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Microplastics in aquatic environment: Challenges and perspectives.

Aashlesha Chekkala Vivekanand1, Sanjeeb Mohapatra2, Vinay Kumar Tyagi3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 42, SE100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.

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Microplastics are a global aquatic contaminant, impacting ecosystems and human health. This review covers their sources, effects, detection, and control strategies to mitigate risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Microplastics (MPs) are a pervasive global pollutant in aquatic environments.
  • MPs originate from direct release and plastic degradation, entering the food chain.
  • Ecological and human health risks necessitate comprehensive risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review microplastic sources, transport, and ecological impacts.
  • To examine environmental and health effects of microplastics in aquatic systems.
  • To explore global policy, analytical methods, and control strategies for microplastic pollution.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of microplastic occurrence, sources, and impacts.
  • Analysis of current global policy frameworks and regulatory approaches.
  • Evaluation of analytical techniques for microplastic detection and quantification.

Main Results:

  • Identified diverse sources and transport pathways of microplastics in aquatic environments.
  • Documented adverse ecological and human health effects linked to microplastic ingestion.
  • Highlighted challenges in microplastic risk assessment due to data limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need for integrated strategies to prevent microplastic release into aquatic ecosystems.
  • Enhanced monitoring and standardized analytical methods are crucial for effective management.
  • Policy interventions and technological solutions are vital for mitigating microplastic pollution.