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Muscles that Move the Arm

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...

Muscles of the Shoulder

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

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Muscle Activity Before and After Subacromial Injection.

Lucas Ettinger, Matthew Shaprio, Andrew Karduna

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

|September 2, 2021

Summary

Subacromial impingement pain reduction correlates with altered shoulder muscle activation, particularly the deltoid. This finding offers insights into rotator cuff function in patients without tears.

Keywords:

EMG anesthetic injection shoulder muscle recruitment subacromial impingement

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Biomechanics
Sports Medicine

Background:

Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) presents variable shoulder muscle activation patterns in patients.
Pain-related normalization artifacts may explain discrepancies in existing literature.
Limited understanding of SIS pathogenesis hinders effective clinical treatment and functional recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of pain reduction on shoulder muscle activation in patients with SIS.
To compare muscle activity patterns between patients and healthy controls before and after treatment.

Main Methods:

Electromyography (EMG) of 7 shoulder muscles was recorded in 21 patients with stage 2 SIS and 21 controls.
EMG data were collected during arm elevation before and after subacromial bursa injection in patients.

Main Results:

Following injection, patients showed increased anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, and upper trapezius activity, mirroring control group trends.
Control subjects exhibited greater latissimus dorsi activation at peak elevation compared to post-injection patients.

Conclusions:

Reduced subacromial pain is linked to significant changes in shoulder muscle recruitment, especially the deltoid.
Observed deltoid activity changes may support the role of the rotator cuff in non-tear cases.