Update on sacral neuromodulation and overactive bladder in pediatrics: A systematic review

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Urology
• Neuromodulation
• Urinary Dysfunction

Background:

• Sacral electrical stimulation (SES) is a long-established therapy for adult urinary syndromes.
• While effective in adults, evidence for SES in pediatric overactive bladder (OAB) is less established.
• Existing studies show mixed results regarding efficacy and a lack of standardized treatment protocols for children.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the existing literature on the impact of sacral electrostimulation on overactive bladder in children.
• To assess the efficacy and safety of sacral electrical stimulation as a treatment for pediatric overactive bladder.
• To identify limitations and areas for future research in pediatric OAB management.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review was conducted, identifying 389 potentially eligible studies.
• 14 studies published between 2001 and 2019 met the inclusion criteria.
• Studies were analyzed for efficacy, safety, and treatment outcomes in pediatric patients with overactive bladder.

Main Results:

• All included studies individually reported high efficacy rates and good short-term results for sacral electrical stimulation in pediatric OAB.
• The therapy demonstrated a minimal rate of adverse effects, indicating good safety.
• Significant heterogeneity in study protocols and outcome measures prevented direct comparison and meta-analysis.

Conclusions:

• Sacral electroneuromodulation presents promising benefits for pediatric patients diagnosed with overactive bladder.
• Further high-quality studies adhering to strict pediatric OAB diagnostic and management criteria are necessary.
• Standardization of sacral electrical stimulation protocols is crucial to clarify its effectiveness in the pediatric population.