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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.4K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

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Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.9K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.9K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

13.5K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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Recent Advances in Polymer-Containing Multifunctional Phase-Change Materials.

Changhui Liu1, Jiahao Zhang1, Qingyi Liu1

  • 1School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, P. R. China.

Chempluschem
|September 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymers enhance phase-change materials (PCMs) for multifunctional thermal energy storage. This review covers polymer-supported PCMs for applications like energy harvesting, wearables, and self-cleaning, discussing future directions.

Keywords:
electro-thermal conversionflexible devicesphase-change materialspolymersthermal energy storage

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Phase-change materials (PCMs) are crucial for thermal energy storage due to high energy density and stable temperatures during phase transitions.
  • Polymers are integral to PCM composites, acting as support to prevent leakage or as functional components.
  • Increasing demand for diverse PCM applications necessitates multifunctional materials beyond simple thermal storage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review strategies for developing multifunctional PCMs utilizing polymers.
  • To explore the diverse energy applications of polymer-supported multifunctional PCMs.
  • To discuss future research directions and challenges in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on polymer-PCM composites.
  • Analysis of strategies for integrating polymers into PCMs to achieve multifunctionality.
  • Categorization of applications based on material properties and functionalities.

Main Results:

  • Polymers offer excellent compatibility and structural tunability for creating advanced PCM composites.
  • Multifunctional PCMs demonstrate potential in thermal energy harvesting and storage, shape memory, wearable devices, and self-cleaning technologies.
  • Successful fabrication strategies enable PCMs to perform multiple functions simultaneously.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer-based multifunctional PCMs represent a significant advancement in energy storage and smart materials.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and unlock the full potential of these advanced materials.
  • The integration of polymers opens new avenues for tailored material design in various energy applications.