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Estimation of Nephron Number in Whole Kidney using the Acid Maceration Method
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Climate change and nephrology.

Fumihiko Sasai1, Carlos Roncal-Jimenez1, Keegan Rogers2

  • 1Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|September 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rising global temperatures and heat stress pose significant risks to kidney health, potentially leading to acute and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nephrologists must prepare for increased heat-related kidney conditions as climate change progresses.

Keywords:
CKD of non-traditional causeCKD of uncertain etiologyCKD of unknown etiologyMesoamerican nephropathySri Lankan nephropathydehydrationglobal warmingheat stressheat strokenephrolithiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Nephrology
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • The kidney plays a crucial role in hydration but is vulnerable to heat stress and dehydration.
  • Rising global temperatures and extreme heat events present growing concerns for kidney function.
  • Nephrologists must consider the impact of climate change on kidney diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the effects of rising temperatures and extreme heat events on kidney health.
  • To explore the link between heat stress, dehydration, and various kidney conditions.
  • To highlight the potential role of climate change in unexplained chronic kidney disease (CKD) epidemics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on heat stress and kidney function.
  • Analysis of the physiological impacts of heat exposure on the kidneys.
  • Examination of epidemiological data linking climate change to CKD.

Main Results:

  • Heat stroke can cause severe electrolyte disturbances and acute kidney injury (AKI) or CKD.
  • Sub-lethal heat stress can worsen existing kidney disease and trigger cardiovascular events.
  • Heat stress is associated with an increased risk of kidney stones and electrolyte abnormalities.
  • Climate change and heat stress are increasingly implicated in CKD of uncertain etiology, particularly in specific global regions.

Conclusions:

  • Nephrologists should anticipate a rise in heat-related kidney diseases due to climate change.
  • Heat stress is a significant risk factor for both acute and chronic kidney disease.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the contribution of climate change to CKD epidemics.