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Should we individualize training based on force-velocity profiling to improve physical performance in athletes?
Kolbjørn Lindberg1,2, Paul Solberg2, Bent R Rønnestad3
1Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
This study found that individualized training programs based on squat jump force-velocity (FV) profiling did not significantly improve athletic performance in jumping, sprinting, or strength. The individualized training approach did not yield superior results compared to other training methods.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Individualized training programs are increasingly utilized to optimize athletic performance.
- Force-velocity (FV) profiling is a method used to assess and prescribe training loads based on an individual's unique force-velocity characteristics.
- The effectiveness of FV-profile-based training in enhancing specific athletic attributes remains an area of active research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of a 10-week individualized training program, guided by squat jump force-velocity (SJ-FV) profiling, on the performance of national-level team sport athletes.
- To compare the effects of training towards, away from, or irrespective of an individual's optimal SJ-FV profile on key athletic metrics.
Main Methods:
- Forty national-level athletes from ice-hockey, handball, and soccer participated in the 10-week intervention.
- Athletes were randomized into three groups: training towards, away from, or balanced relative to their initial theoretical optimal SJ-FV profile.
- Performance measures including sprint times, jump heights (SJ and CMJ), 1RM squat, and leg-press power were assessed pre- and post-intervention.
Main Results:
- No significant group differences were observed in any of the performance measures following the 10-week intervention.
- All groups exhibited trivial to small changes in strength, sprint, and jump performance metrics.
- Changes towards the optimal SJ-FV profile showed a negative correlation with changes in SJ height, while SJ power changes were positively related to jump heights but not sprint times.
Conclusions:
- The findings do not support the effectiveness of individualized training programs based on squat jump force-velocity profiling for improving athletic performance in the tested parameters.
- The applied training intervention, irrespective of the FV-profile manipulation, resulted in comparable, small performance enhancements across all groups.
- Further research may be needed to explore alternative methods or refine FV-profiling applications in athletic training.
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