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Broncholithiasis: Treatment Evaluation in 63 Patients
Rongling He1, Hui Zhou2, Mao Jiang1
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|September 2, 2021
Summary
Broncholithiasis, a rare condition of calcified material in the airways, often presents with cough or hemoptysis. Endoscopic removal is effective, with surgery as a secondary option for airway obstruction.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Rare Diseases
- Medical Case Studies
Background:
- Broncholithiasis is a rare condition characterized by calcified material (broncholith) within the tracheobronchial tree.
- This study aims to enhance the clinical understanding and management strategies for broncholithiasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and patient outcomes for broncholithiasis.
- To provide a foundation for improved clinical management of this rare bronchial disease.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 63 patients diagnosed with broncholithiasis.
- Data collected from May 2009 to November 2019 at Xiangya Hospital, China.
- Analysis of clinical features, comorbidities, airway complications, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- The most common symptoms were cough (57.1%) and hemoptysis (23.8%). Tuberculosis was a frequent comorbidity (38%).
- Broncholiths caused airway dilation (19.0%), obstructive atelectasis (46.0%), and pneumonia (30.2%).
- Endoscopic removal achieved improvement in 76.5% of patients; surgical removal was 100% effective. Anti-infective treatment showed improvement in 50.0% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Broncholithiasis is a benign condition that can lead to significant airway complications.
- Endoscopic removal is the preferred initial therapy, followed by surgical removal for persistent cases.
- Anti-infective treatment is crucial for patients unable to undergo broncholith removal.
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