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Severe asthma in Kuwait population: Phenotype-based approach
Mona Al-Ahmad1, Jasmina Nurkic2, Yasmine Othman2
1Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait; Al-Rashed Allergy Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait.
Respiratory Medicine
|September 2, 2021
Summary
Severe asthma in Kuwait predominantly affects obese females with adult-onset disease. Comorbidities like allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis are common, correlating with eosinophil levels.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Allergology
- Immunology
Background:
- Severe asthma exhibits significant phenotypic heterogeneity.
- Understanding this heterogeneity is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the phenotype of severe asthma patients in Kuwait.
- To investigate the correlation between demographics, comorbidities, and blood biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective evaluation of 169 severe asthma patients (GINA step 4-5) in Kuwait.
- Data collected included demographics, comorbidities (AR, CRS, CRSwNP, obesity), serum IgE, and peripheral eosinophils.
- Patients categorized into low/high IgE and low/high eosinophil groups.
Main Results:
- Majority of patients were obese females with adult-onset asthma.
- High IgE (≥160 IU/ml) and high eosinophils (≥300 cells/μl) were prevalent.
- Allergic rhinitis, CRS, and CRSwNP were more frequent in patients with higher IgE and eosinophil levels.
Conclusions:
- Severe asthma in Kuwait is characterized by obese females with adult-onset disease and allergic comorbidities.
- Comorbidities like AR, CRS, and CRSwNP correlate with eosinophil counts.
- Phenotypic characterization aids in understanding severe asthma heterogeneity.
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