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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
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Asthma-IV: Nursing Management01:30

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The nursing management of asthma is a comprehensive approach that relies heavily on the expertise and dedication of healthcare professionals. It involves thorough assessment, accurate diagnosis, strategic planning, effective implementation, and diligent evaluation. By meticulously following this step-by-step process, healthcare professionals play a crucial role in providing the best possible care and treatment for patients with asthma, enhancing their overall health and well-being.
First, in...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Sustained decrease in pediatric asthma emergency visits during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Samantha Arsenault1, Jacob Hoofman1, Pavadee Poowuttikul2

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Summary
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Pediatric emergency department visits for asthma significantly decreased throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. This trend was linked to school closures and reduced exposure to respiratory infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric emergency medicine
  • Infectious disease epidemiology
  • Respiratory health

Background:

  • The first novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) case in the U.S. was reported January 20, 2020.
  • Initial concerns about disproportionate COVID-19 effects on pediatric asthma were not realized.
  • Lower angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor expression in atopic children may reduce COVID-19 infectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess if the decrease in pediatric asthma emergency department (ED) visits observed in early 2020 persisted throughout the entire first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To investigate the sustained impact of the pandemic on pediatric asthma-related healthcare utilization.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of emergency department (ED) data from a single inner-city children's hospital.
  • Utilized standard medical claims codes for data extraction.
  • Examined trends over the first full year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Results:

  • A sustained decrease in pediatric asthma ED visits was observed over the study period.
  • The reduction in visits occurred in an inner-city pediatric ED setting.
  • The findings indicate a year-long trend of reduced asthma-related emergency care for children.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirmed a sustained year-long reduction in pediatric asthma emergency department visits.
  • School closures and decreased exposure to upper respiratory infections are likely contributors to this trend.
  • These findings highlight the impact of public health measures on pediatric respiratory illness management.