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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

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Published on: April 10, 2018

Bridging the Pressure Gap in CO Oxidation.

Sara Blomberg¹, Uta Hejral², Mikhail Shipilin³

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden.

ACS Catalysis

|September 3, 2021

Summary

This study demonstrates operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for industrial catalysis. We analyzed carbon monoxide oxidation on palladium catalysts at 1 bar, revealing atomistic surface details under realistic conditions.

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Area of Science:

Catalysis
Surface Science
Materials Science

Background:

Operando catalysis studies are crucial for industrial catalyst development.
Previous operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments were limited to low pressures, questioning their industrial relevance.

Purpose of the Study:

To perform fundamental operando catalysis studies under industrially relevant conditions.
To investigate carbon monoxide oxidation on Pd(100) at 1 bar using XPS.
To analyze the surface chemical composition and kinetics at the atomistic level.

Main Methods:

Operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) at 1 bar total pressure.
Utilized hard X-rays and a grazing incident angle for high-pressure and surface sensitivity.
In situ oxidation study at 70 mbar to confirm surface sensitivity and peak assignments.

Main Results:

Successfully monitored CO oxidation on Pd(100) at 1 bar, observing gas-phase photoemission peaks for CO2, CO, and O2.
Determined reaction kinetics and calculated activation energy during the light-off regime.
Identified a metallic Pd phase in the highly active regime, with no oxygen-induced peaks observed during reaction.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated the capability of operando XPS with hard X-rays for high-pressure catalysis studies.
Achieved atomistic chemical information of catalysts under industrially relevant conditions.
Opened new possibilities for understanding and optimizing industrial catalytic processes.