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Dandelion root extract affects ESCC progression via regulating multiple signal pathways.

Xiaofang Duan1, Limin Pan1, Yuying Deng1

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P.R. China. liming96001@163.com.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aqueous dandelion root extract (DRE) effectively inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. DRE targets key cancer pathways and the cystathionine-β-synthase/hydrogen sulfide system, offering a potential natural treatment for ESCC.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products

Background:

  • Dandelion root extract (DRE) possesses anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a significant health concern.
  • Targeting key signaling pathways is crucial for ESCC treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-cancer effects of DRE on ESCC.
  • To evaluate DRE's impact on ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.
  • To explore DRE's influence on PI3K/Akt, Ras/Raf/ERK pathways, and the CBS/H2S system in ESCC.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro assays for cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.
  • In vivo studies using human ESCC xenograft models.
  • Western blot analysis to assess protein expression (PI3K, Akt, Ras, Raf, ERK, BCL2, BAX, CBS).
  • Assessment of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) knockdown.

Main Results:

  • DRE selectively inhibited ESCC cell growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis.
  • DRE administration retarded tumor growth in human ESCC xenograft models.
  • DRE downregulated PI3K/Akt and Ras/Raf/ERK signaling pathways and modulated apoptosis-related proteins (BCL2, BAX).
  • DRE inhibited the CBS/H2S system in ESCC cells, and CBS knockdown reduced DRE's efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • DRE exhibits significant anti-cancer activity against ESCC through multiple mechanisms.
  • DRE regulates critical signaling pathways (PI3K/Akt, Ras/Raf/ERK) and the CBS/H2S system in ESCC.
  • DRE presents a promising natural therapeutic alternative for human ESCC treatment.