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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Types of Flows01:23

Introduction to Types of Flows

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Fluid flows are categorized by dimensionality and behavior, with one-dimensional flow being the simplest form, where properties like velocity and pressure change only along a single axis. Water moving through straight pipes exemplifies this flow type, as variations in other directions are minimal. One-dimensional analysis helps simplify understanding such flows, focusing solely on changes along the pipe's length.
Two-dimensional flow involves changes in both length and height, as seen in...
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Accelerating Fluids01:17

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When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
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Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

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Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
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Navier–Stokes Equations01:28

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For incompressible Newtonian fluids, where density remains constant, stresses show a linear relationship with the deformation rate, defined by normal and shear stresses. Normal stresses depend on the pressure exerted on the fluid and the rate of deformation in specific directions, which determines how fluid flows under varying pressures. Shear stresses, on the other hand, act tangentially across fluid layers. They explain how adjacent fluid layers slide relative to one another, connecting...
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Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

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Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
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Pressure of Fluids01:14

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There are many examples of pressure in fluids in everyday life, such as in relation to blood (high or low blood pressure) and in relation to weather (high- and low-pressure weather systems). A given force can have a significantly different effect, depending on the area over which the force is exerted. For instance, a force applied to an area of 1 mm2 has a pressure that is 100 times greater than the same force applied to an area of 1 cm2. That's why a sharp needle is able to poke through...
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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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An Introduction to Biomedical Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Luke Reid1

  • 1Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK. lxreid@dundee.ac.uk.

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|September 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyzes heat transfer and fluid flow. This engineering tool is increasingly vital in biomedical research for drug delivery, surgical planning, and medical device development.

Keywords:
Computational fluid dynamicsComputational medicineHaemodynamicsRespiratory aerodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been an engineering tool for over 50 years.
  • Recent advancements have expanded CFD applications in biomedical and health research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
  • To provide basics of biological fluid properties, CFD methods, and applications in biomedical research.
  • To bridge knowledge gaps in CFD for biomedical analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing engineering principles and advanced computation to solve complex fluid flow equations.
  • Interdisciplinary collaboration between engineers, computer scientists, and mathematicians.
  • Analysis of published examples in cardiovascular, respiratory, and other physiological fluid research.

Main Results:

  • CFD is applied to evaluate drug delivery systems, analyze physiological flows, aid surgical planning (e.g., intracranial aneurysms), and develop medical devices (e.g., vascular stents).
  • Cardiovascular and respiratory medicine are leading areas of CFD application in biomedical research.
  • CFD is also used for cerebrospinal fluid, synovial joints, and intracellular fluid research.

Conclusions:

  • CFD offers meaningful insights but requires expertise for data interpretation.
  • Future computational medicine relies on collaboration between engineering, computer science, and biomedical experts.
  • CFD is a rapidly emerging method for biomedical analysis with growing accessibility.