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Risk assessment for neurobehavioral toxicity.

D E McMillan1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Interdisciplinary Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72201.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Assessing chemical safety reveals a significant lack of neurobehavioral toxicity data. Studies suggest many chemicals may pose risks, highlighting the need for standardized testing batteries for regulatory assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Neuroscience
  • Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Limited data exists for assessing neurobehavioral toxicity of commercial chemicals.
  • National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council (NAS/NRC) identified this data gap.
  • American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) provides a database for chemical assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the number of neurobehavioral toxins among commercial chemicals.
  • To evaluate the suitability of specific neurobehavioral test batteries for regulatory purposes.
  • To apply a standardized test battery to a risk assessment model for acceptable daily intake calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized NAS/NRC report and ACGIH database for chemical assessment.
  • Employed a recommended test battery including schedule-controlled behavior, motor activity, and neuropathological examination.
  • Applied alkyltin data to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) risk assessment model.

Main Results:

  • The study suggests a potentially large number of neurobehavioral toxins in commercial chemicals.
  • Calculated acceptable daily intake for alkyltin using the EPA model aligns with ACGIH limit values.
  • General agreement exists on appropriate neurobehavioral test procedures for regulatory use.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized neurobehavioral testing batteries are crucial for chemical risk assessment.
  • The EPA risk assessment model, combined with recommended tests, provides reliable acceptable daily intake values.
  • Further discussion is needed on defining adverse effects, species extrapolation, and alternative testing methods.

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