Conceptual-based design of an ultrabroadband microwave metamaterial absorber

By introducing metallic ring structural dipole resonances in the microwave regime, we have designed and realized a metamaterial absorber with hierarchical structures that can display an averaged -19.4 dB reflection loss (∼99% absorption) from 3 to 40 GHz. The measured performance is independent of the polarizations of the incident wave at normal incidence, while absorption at oblique incidence remains considerably effective up to 45°. We provide a conceptual basis for our absorber design based on the capacitive-coupled electrical dipole resonances in the lateral plane, coupled to the standing wave along the incident wave direction. To realize broadband impedance matching, resistive dissipation of the metallic ring is optimally tuned by using the approach of dispersion engineering. To further extend the absorption spectrum to an ultrabroadband range, we employ a double-layer self-similar structure in conjunction with the absorption of the diffracted waves at the higher end of the frequency spectrum. The overall thickness of the final sample is 14.2 mm, only 5% over the theoretical minimum thickness dictated by the causality limit.