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Localized mixing of anaerobic plug flow reactors.

Charbel Abou Khalil1, Mohamed T Eraky2, Sophia Ghanimeh3

  • 1Center for Natural Resources, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.

Water Research
|September 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Localized mixing in anaerobic plug flow reactors (AnPFRs) using propellers reduced energy demand while maintaining high solids removal and biogas production. This innovative approach enhances anaerobic digestion efficiency for food waste and wastewater treatment.

Keywords:
Dry anaerobic digestionFood wasteInnovative mixingTotal solid contentWastewater

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Biochemical Engineering
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Conventional anaerobic digestion often employs uniform mixing, leading to high energy consumption.
  • Food waste and municipal wastewater co-digestion presents challenges in optimizing reactor performance.
  • Localized mixing strategies offer a potential solution for energy reduction and improved process stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a novel localized-mixing concept in an Anaerobic Plug Flow Reactor (AnPFR).
  • To evaluate the impact of localized mixing on energy demand, solids removal, and biogas production.
  • To determine the optimal loading capacity of the locally-mixed AnPFR for co-digesting food waste and wastewater.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of propellers at hydrolysis, acidogenesis, and methanogenesis stages within the AnPFR.
  • Experimental testing at varying Total Solid (TS) content and Organic Loading Rates (OLRs).
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze mixing patterns and flow dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Localized mixing maintained stable operation with high solids removal (up to 96%) and biogas yield (1128 ml/g VS fed).
  • The AnPFR successfully processed feed with up to 20% TS (OLR of 6.3 g VS/L/d), achieving 92% solids removal and 613 ml/g VS fed CH4 yield.
  • CFD simulations confirmed localized radial mixing and identified stagnant zones, suggesting enhanced stability and synergistic reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Localized mixing in AnPFRs is an energy-efficient strategy for treating food waste and wastewater.
  • The system demonstrates robust performance and high treatment efficiency within a specific range of TS content and OLR.
  • The combination of localized mixing and non-mixed zones promotes optimal conditions for anaerobic digestion.