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Therapeutic potential of chimeric antigen receptor based therapies in autoimmune diseases
Manqiqige Su1, Chongbo Zhao1, Sushan Luo1
1Department of Neurology, Huashan hospital Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based therapies have been adopted as an option for treating autoimmune diseases from the field of blood malignancies by targeting immune cells or rebalancing the pro-inflammatory milieu. Important questions still remained about the efficacy and safety regarding the dynamic and complex autoimmune pathological networks. We here reviewed the emerged developments in basic, translational, and clinical studies of the CAR based therapies in a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases. The primary goal of the study is to provide some future perspectives on how to optimize the performance of CAR based therapies. The fundamental strategy is to engineer the recognition domains in CAR products for precisely targeting the components in the pro-inflammatory milieu. The second strategy is to incorporate multiple CARs in one carrier, or use fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-CAR T cells for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we reviewed the preclinical evidence in disease-specific context. Overall, we aim to attract more attention in the field of developing future precision CAR based therapies to tailor medial decisions in autoimmune diseases.
Insights
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies show promise for autoimmune diseases by targeting immune cells. Future research focuses on engineering CARs for precise targeting and enhanced efficacy in complex autoimmune networks.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Therapy
- Autoimmune Disease Research
Background:
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies, successful in blood cancers, are being explored for autoimmune diseases.
- Challenges remain in understanding CAR therapy efficacy and safety within complex autoimmune pathologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current developments in CAR-based therapies for autoimmune diseases.
- To propose strategies for optimizing CAR therapy performance and precision.
Main Methods:
- Review of basic, translational, and clinical studies on CAR-based therapies in autoimmune diseases.
- Analysis of preclinical evidence in specific autoimmune disease contexts.
Main Results:
- CAR therapies can target immune cells or modulate the pro-inflammatory environment in autoimmune conditions.
- Strategies for enhancing CAR therapy include engineering recognition domains and using multi-CAR or FITC-CAR T cells.
Conclusions:
- Further development of precision CAR-based therapies is crucial for tailoring treatment decisions in autoimmune diseases.
- Optimizing CAR engineering and delivery holds potential for improved therapeutic outcomes.
