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Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Murine Model of Central Venous Stenosis using Aortocaval Fistula with an Outflow Stenosis
Published on: July 11, 2019
Left renal vein nutcracker syndrome and concurrent IVC duplication: Surgical treatment
Eric Midenberg1, Rajeev Subu1, Aarti Sekhar2
1Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Abstract:
Multiple vascular anomalies may be encountered in patients with nutcracker syndrome; further compounding the surgical complexity in managing this condition. A 28-year-old male presented with persistent flank pain and hematuria. Imaging revealed narrowing of the left renal vein at the aortomesenteric junction, and a dilated vein consistent with the left gonadal vein. On surgical exploration, a duplicated IVC was found. The patient underwent a right caval-to-left caval bypass using a cryopreserved femoral vein homograft. The surgery was well tolerated and completely resolved the patient's symptoms.
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