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Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
Published on: August 21, 2021
Non-coding RNA Activated by DNA Damage: Review of Its Roles in the Carcinogenesis
Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard1, Tahereh Azimi2, Bashdar Mahmud Hussen3
1Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Long intergenic non-coding RNA 00657 (LINC00657) or "non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage" (NORAD) is an extremely conserved and copious long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). This transcript has pivotal role in the preservation of genome integrity. Several researches have appraised the role of NORAD in the evolution of human cancers with most of them indicating an oncogenic role for this lncRNA. Several miRNAs such as miR-199a-3p, miR-608, miR-155-5p, miR-590-3p, miR-495-3p, miR-608, miR-202-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-144-3p, miR-202-5p, and miR-30a-5p have been recognized as targets of NORAD in different cancer cell lines. In addition, NORAD has interactions with cancer-related pathways, particularly STAT, TGF-β, Akt/mTOR, and PI3K/AKT pathway. Over-expression of NORAD has been related with poor clinical outcome of patients with diverse types of neoplasms. Collectively, NORAD is a prospective marker and target for combating cancer.
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