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Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle From Mexico: Current Status
Ninnet Gomez-Romero1, Julia F Ridpath2, Francisco Javier Basurto-Alcantara1
1Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|September 6, 2021
Summary
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) causes significant cattle industry losses. This review details BVD virus prevalence and genetic diversity in Mexican cattle, identifying four circulating subgenotypes.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Animal Infectious Diseases
- Molecular Epidemiology
Background:
- Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a widespread infectious disease in cattle, causing substantial economic losses.
- Caused by bovine Pestiviruses (BVDV-1, BVDV-2, HoBi-like pestivirus), BVD manifests in various clinical signs, impacting reproduction and health.
- Genetic diversity of BVDV is significant globally, with varying incidence reported across continents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize the current epidemiological status of BVDV in Mexico.
- To analyze the prevalence and genetic diversity of BVDV strains circulating in Mexican cattle populations.
- To consolidate available data on BVDV in Mexico, addressing a gap in current information.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published studies on Bovine viral diarrhea virus in Mexico.
- Analysis of reported seroprevalence data from various Mexican states.
- Phylogenetic analysis of circulating BVDV strains to determine subgenotypes.
Main Results:
- BVDV has been endemic in Mexico since 1975, with seropositivity rates up to 75% reported in affected cattle.
- Studies indicate a wide seroprevalence range (7.4% to 100%) across different Mexican regions.
- At least four BVDV subgenotypes (BVDV-1a, 1b, 1c, and 2a) have been identified circulating in Mexican cattle.
Conclusions:
- BVDV is prevalent in Mexico, exhibiting significant genetic diversity with multiple subgenotypes co-circulating.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the current epidemiological landscape of BVDV in Mexico.
- This review highlights the importance of ongoing surveillance and characterization of BVDV strains in the region.
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