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Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Compartmentalization of Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons within Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips
Published on: May 3, 2019
Proteostatic regulation in neuronal compartments
Stefano L Giandomenico1, Beatriz Alvarez-Castelao2, Erin M Schuman1
1Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Abstract:
Neurons continuously adapt to external cues and challenges, including stimulation, plasticity-inducing signals and aging. These adaptations are critical for neuronal physiology and extended survival. Proteostasis is the process by which cells adjust their protein content to achieve the specific protein repertoire necessary for cellular function. Due to their complex morphology and polarized nature, neurons possess unique proteostatic requirements. Proteostatic control in axons and dendrites must be implemented through regulation of protein synthesis and degradation in a decentralized fashion, but at the same time, it requires integration, at least in part, in the soma. Here, we discuss current understanding of neuronal proteostasis, as well as open questions and future directions requiring further exploration.
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