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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Novel 3D-Printed Titanium Implant for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Hip Dysplasia in Young Dogs

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Hypertrophic osteodystrophy in dogs.

J Selman¹, H Towle Millard¹

¹Small Animal Surgery, BluePearl Veterinary Partners, Overland Park, Kansas, USA.

The Journal of Small Animal Practice

|September 7, 2021

Summary

Hypertrophic osteodystrophy (HOD) is a painful orthopedic condition in young dogs with unknown causes. Diagnosis involves clinical signs and radiographic evidence of a "double physis," with treatment focusing on supportive care and pain management.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Orthopedics
Canine Pathology

Background:

Hypertrophic osteodystrophy (HOD) is an uncommon orthopedic disease affecting young, growing dogs.
The etiology of HOD remains unknown, with theories including viral infections, vaccinations, hereditary factors, and autoimmune disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and prognosis for canine hypertrophic osteodystrophy.

Main Methods:

Clinical sign assessment for suspicion of HOD.
Radiographic confirmation using the characteristic "double physis" finding.
Review of current treatment protocols and prognostic indicators.

Main Results:

Affected dogs exhibit lameness, lethargy, fever, and limb swelling.

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Radiographs reveal a radiolucent line parallel to the physis, confirming HOD.

Treatment success varies with severity, with mild to moderate cases having favorable prognoses.

Conclusions:

Early diagnosis and supportive care are crucial for managing hypertrophic osteodystrophy in dogs.
Prognosis is favorable for mild to moderate cases, but guarded for severely affected individuals.
Further research into HOD etiology is warranted to improve preventative strategies.