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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Establishment of a Minimally Invasive Rat Model of Pulmonary Embolism Using Autologous Blood Clots
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Pulmonary oedema during pulmonary embolism.

M C Dombert1, J J Rouby, J M Smiejan

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Bichat, Paris.

British Journal of Diseases of the Chest
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary oedema can occur in massive pulmonary embolism without left ventricular failure. This case study provides long-term evidence of preserved left ventricular function in such instances.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Massive pulmonary embolism (PE) can lead to pulmonary oedema.
  • Left ventricular (LV) failure is a common cause of pulmonary oedema.
  • Distinguishing PE-induced pulmonary oedema from LV failure is clinically important.

Observation:

  • A case of massive pulmonary embolism with pulmonary oedema was observed.
  • The patient was monitored over a 4-year period.
  • Hemodynamic data was collected during the acute phase.

Findings:

  • Angiography confirmed massive pulmonary embolism.
  • Pulmonary oedema was present despite the absence of left ventricular failure.
  • Long-term observation confirmed uninvolved left ventricular function.

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Implications:

  • Pulmonary oedema in massive PE does not always indicate left ventricular failure.
  • Hemodynamic assessment is crucial for differentiating causes of pulmonary oedema in PE.
  • Preserved LV function can be maintained long-term in selected PE patients.