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Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

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Substantial Decrease in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Outbreak Duration and Number of Patients During the

Katrine Lauridsen Gisselø¹, Ingrid Maria Cecilia Rubin^1,2, Maja Søndergaard Knudsen¹

¹Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.

Microbial Drug Resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.)

|September 7, 2021

Summary

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) outbreaks significantly decreased during COVID-19 due to infection control measures. However, VREfm may persist in hospitals, indicating a need for ongoing vigilance against this nosocomial pathogen.

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2 VRE health care-associated infections infection control bundle strategies whole-genome sequencing

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Clinical Microbiology
Epidemiology

Background:

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is a major healthcare-associated pathogen with increasing prevalence.
Understanding VREfm outbreak dynamics and the impact of infection control is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the duration of VREfm outbreaks.
To assess the effect of COVID-19 infection control bundle strategies (ICBSs) on VREfm transmission.

Main Methods:

Prospective data collection of VREfm outbreaks from 2014-2020.
Whole genome sequencing and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) of VREfm isolates.
Comparison of outbreak data before and during the initial COVID-19 pandemic period.

Main Results:

Eighty-one VREfm outbreaks had a median duration of 32.5 days; 1,161 isolates were sequenced.
A 10-fold decrease in VREfm outbreak patients and an 88% reduction in median outbreak duration were observed during the early COVID-19 pandemic.
Identical cgMLST cluster types reappeared post-outbreak, suggesting persistent reservoirs or endemicity.

Conclusions:

COVID-19 ICBSs likely caused the sharp decline in VREfm outbreaks by reducing transmission.
Persistent VREfm strains in wards suggest endemicity and recurrent outbreaks from reservoirs or readmitted carriers.
Continuous infection control efforts are necessary to manage VREfm in healthcare settings.