Species Abundance and Reaction Off-Rate Regulate Product Formation in Reactions Accelerated Using Isotachophoresis

We present a model for second-order and pseudo-first-order reversible chemical reactions accelerated using peak-mode isotachophoresis (ITP). In such systems, ITP preconcentrates and co-locates the reactants between the leading and trailing electrolyte zones, and this significantly accelerates chemical reactions. Our model quantifies the effects of reaction rate constants and species abundance on product formation rate. We identify two key non-dimensional parameters, which are specific groupings of reaction rate constants, species concentrations, and influx rates. We then use a regular perturbation to study the effects of reverse reaction rate and relative species abundance (and relative rates of species accumulation) on production rate. We also use this perturbation method to derive an analytical expression for the quasi-steady-state production rate achievable by ITP. Our analytical models and numerical solutions are generally applicable to a wide range of systems, which use ITP to enhance reactions. The model is also an interesting case study of the complex coupling of electric field-driven species transport and reaction kinetics.