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Biologically grounded scientific methods: The challenges ahead for combating epidemics.

Ariel L Rivas1, Almira L Hoogesteijn2

  • 1University of New Mexico, United States.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|September 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Failures in scientific methods, highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitate evaluating biomedical research processes. This study explores key aspects of scientific methodology, emphasizing data structuring and interdisciplinary integration for improved biological research and evaluation.

Keywords:
Biologically grounded methodsConceptualization and operationalizationData structuringMethod developmentScientific methods

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedicine
  • Biological Sciences
  • Scientific Methodology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic exposed potential weaknesses in current scientific methodologies.
  • Historical higher education models and problem-solving approaches (explanatory vs. actionable knowledge) influence scientific pursuits.
  • Complexity, disciplinary differences (Biology vs. other fields), and the drivers of research (theory, hypotheses, data) are critical factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate and potentially update scientific methods used in Biomedicine.
  • To analyze various facets of the scientific process, including conceptualization, operationalization, validation, and evaluation.
  • To identify areas for improvement in biological research, particularly concerning data handling and interdisciplinary collaboration.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of eight key topics influencing scientific processes, including historical context, knowledge types, complexity, disciplinary specifics, research drivers, reductionism, data structuring, and inter-/trans-disciplinary integration.
  • Description of four temporal stages of scientific methods: conceptualization, operationalization, validation, and evaluation.
  • Analysis of the transition from abstract concepts to measurable operations in scientific inquiry.

Main Results:

  • Scientific methodologies may be improved through structured data and integration of inter-/trans-disciplinary knowledge.
  • Validation and evaluation are crucial stages, often requiring integration of diverse expertise.
  • The selection of operations must be carefully considered for validity and problem-solving efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Independent bodies for evaluating biologically oriented scientific methods are recommended.
  • Data structuring, alongside other considered aspects, can substantially enhance scientific methodologies in Biology.
  • Addressing the analyzed aspects is crucial for advancing scientific rigor and addressing complex biological problems.