Fundamentals and developments in fluorescence-guided cancer surgery

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Medical Imaging
• Surgical Technology

Background:

• Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is a rapidly advancing technique for intraoperative cancer detection.
• Numerous fluorescently labeled molecules targeting cancer hallmarks have been developed.
• Translating these agents into clinical practice faces challenges, with few reaching advanced trials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the key aspects of the fluorescence-guided surgery imaging cascade.
• To focus on imaging approaches and methods enhancing intraoperative visualization.
• To highlight advancements aimed at improving patient outcomes in cancer surgery.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on fluorescence-guided surgery.
• Analysis of imaging agents, target selection, and detection systems.
• Discussion of clinical implementation strategies for intraoperative visualization.

Main Results:

• Development of diverse fluorescent imaging agents targeting cancer hallmarks.
• Identification of critical factors for successful clinical translation of FGS.
• Emerging approaches for real-time intraoperative visualization.

Conclusions:

• Successful clinical implementation of FGS depends on harmonized target selection, imaging agents, and detection systems.
• Continued research and development are crucial for advancing FGS.
• The ultimate goal is to improve patient outcomes through enhanced intraoperative cancer detection.