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Location-Dependent Lanthanide Selectivity Engineered into Structurally Characterized Designed Coiled Coils.

Louise N Slope1, Oliver J Daubney1, Hannah Campbell1

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Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|September 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Scientists engineered protein scaffolds for lanthanide (Ln3+) binding, discovering location-dependent selectivity. Moving the binding site just 1 nm altered ion preference, a novel finding in coiled coil proteins.

Keywords:
bioinorganic chemistrycoiled coilslanthanidespeptidesprotein design

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Protein Engineering
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Lanthanide ions (Ln3+) are crucial in biological systems and catalysis.
  • Designing proteins to bind specific metal ions is a key challenge in bioinorganic chemistry.
  • Coiled coil protein scaffolds offer a framework for creating artificial metalloproteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer lanthanide binding sites within miniature protein coiled coil scaffolds.
  • To investigate location-dependent and size-selective binding of lanthanide ions.
  • To understand the structural basis for lanthanide selectivity in proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Design and construction of miniature protein coiled coil scaffolds with engineered lanthanide binding sites.
  • Spectroscopic studies including Circular Dichroism (CD) to assess protein structure and metal binding.
  • X-ray crystallography to determine the three-dimensional structure of the lanthanide-protein complex.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated unprecedented location-dependent, size-selective binding of lanthanide ions (Nd to Tb).
  • Showcased that a 1 nm translation of the binding site can switch selectivity from specific to promiscuous.
  • Obtained the first X-ray crystal structure of a lanthanide binding site within a coiled coil, revealing an optimal radius due to scaffold constraints.

Conclusions:

  • Protein sequence and binding site location can program lanthanide ion selectivity.
  • Coiled coil scaffold structure imposes constraints that dictate an optimal radius for lanthanide binding.
  • This work represents the first report of location-dependent lanthanide selectivity in a protein coiled coil scaffold.