[Antibody therapy for multiple myeloma]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Immunotherapy

Background:

• Multiple myeloma (MM) treatment has advanced significantly over the last two decades, leading to increased median survival.
• Novel therapeutic agents, including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators, have been key drivers of this progress.
• Antibody drugs represent a distinct therapeutic class with unique mechanisms of action, offering potential for combination therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the development and clinical trial status of antibody drugs in multiple myeloma.
• To highlight the impact of novel antibody therapies on MM treatment paradigms.
• To discuss emerging antibody-based strategies for MM.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical trial data and published literature on antibody drugs for MM.
• Analysis of approved antibody drugs, including elotuzumab (anti-SLAMF7) and daratumumab (anti-CD38).
• Discussion of current and future antibody-based treatment regimens for MM.

Main Results:

• Elotuzumab, daratumumab, and isatuximab are approved antibody drugs for MM treatment.
• Specific antibody-drug combinations (e.g., D-MPB, DLd, DBd, DCd, Isa-Pd, ELd, EPd) are established standards of care for newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory MM.
• Ongoing development of novel antibody drugs, including bi-specific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates targeting BCMA.

Conclusions:

• Antibody drugs have become integral to modern multiple myeloma therapy, enhancing efficacy and improving patient outcomes.
• The landscape of MM treatment continues to evolve with the introduction of new antibody-based therapies.
• Future research focuses on novel antibody targets and drug modalities to further advance MM care.