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Targeted Therapy for RET Fusion Lung Cancer: Breakthrough and Unresolved Issue

Shinkichi Takamori1, Taichi Matsubara1, Naoki Haratake2

  • 1Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan.

Frontiers in Oncology
|September 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Targeted therapies, including multikinase and selective RET inhibitors, show efficacy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer with RET gene fusions. This review covers diagnostic techniques and future treatment directions for RET fusion-positive lung cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Molecular drugs targeting oncogene drivers are standard for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • RET gene fusions occur in 1%-2% of lung adenocarcinomas.
  • RET encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and adverse events of multikinase and selective RET inhibitors.
  • To discuss diagnostic techniques for RET gene fusions.
  • To explore future developments in treating RET fusion-positive lung cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical trials and studies on RET inhibitors.
  • Summary of diagnostic methods for RET gene alterations.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes and adverse events.

Main Results:

  • Multikinase inhibitors (cabozantinib, vandetanib, sorafenib, lenvatinib) demonstrate antitumor activity.
  • Selective RET inhibitors (pralsetinib, selpercatinib) show promising efficacy.
  • Various diagnostic techniques for RET gene fusion are available.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapies offer effective treatment options for RET fusion-positive NSCLC.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and optimize treatment strategies.
  • Advancements in diagnostics and targeted inhibitors are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Keywords:
RETmultikinase inhibitornon-small cell lung cancerselective inhibitortargeted therapy

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