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Gold nanoparticles in virus detection: Recent advances and potential considerations for SARS-CoV-2 testing

Jianxin Wang1,2, Adam J Drelich2, Caroline M Hopkins2

  • 1Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology
|September 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based diagnostics offer rapid and sensitive detection for viruses like SARS-CoV-2. This review highlights advances and future considerations for AuNP biosensing in pandemics.

Keywords:
COVID-19electrochemical detectionfluorescence resonance energy transfergold nanoparticlein vitro diagnosticslateral flow assaymicrofluidicpoint-of-caresurface plasmon resonance

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Infectious Disease Diagnostics

Background:

  • Viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, cause global health crises, necessitating rapid diagnostics.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the critical need for effective and accessible virus detection methods.
  • Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) present a promising platform for advanced diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based viral detection.
  • To discuss design considerations for AuNP-based testing specific to SARS-CoV-2.
  • To propose key parameters for developing future AuNP diagnostic platforms for pandemics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of AuNP-based biosensing for viral detection.
  • Analysis of design principles for AuNP assays targeting SARS-CoV-2.
  • Identification of critical parameters for future AuNP diagnostic development.

Main Results:

  • AuNP-based assays demonstrate significant potential for rapid and sensitive viral detection.
  • Specific design strategies can enhance the efficacy of AuNP tests for SARS-CoV-2.
  • Key parameters for future development include sensitivity, specificity, and scalability.

Conclusions:

  • AuNP-based diagnostics are crucial for managing current and future viral outbreaks.
  • Further research into AuNP assay design will improve pandemic preparedness.
  • Effective AuNP biosensors are vital tools for global health security.