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Frequency and predictability effects in first and second language of different script bilinguals.

Billy Mor1, Anat Prior1

  • 1Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities.

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Summary

Second language (L2) reading efficiency is a distinct skill, not simply transferable from native language (L1) abilities. Proficiency in the L2 is key for effective reading, independent of L1 skills.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Bilingualism Research

Background:

  • Efficient second language (L2) reading is vital but not always achieved.
  • The relationship between L1 and L2 reading skills remains debated: is it language-specific or reliant on general abilities?

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether L2 reading efficiency is a language-specific skill or relies on shared general language abilities.
  • To examine word frequency and predictability effects in L1 and L2 reading using eye-tracking.

Main Methods:

  • Eye-movement data collected from 57 bilingual Hebrew-English speakers reading in both languages.
  • Analysis of word frequency and predictability effects during sentence reading in L1 and L2.
  • Correlation analysis between reading effects, L2 proficiency, and general language abilities.

Main Results:

  • Word frequency and predictability effects were stronger in L2 than L1, indicating sensitivity to language proficiency.
  • L2 frequency effects correlated with L2 proficiency, but not general abilities.
  • L2 predictability effects and L1/L2 reading correlations were not significant.

Conclusions:

  • Efficient L2 reading is a language-specific skill for different-script bilinguals.
  • L2 reading proficiency, not L1 or general language ability, primarily drives L2 reading efficiency.
  • Reading processes in L1 and L2 are largely independent for these bilinguals.