The Reactive Species Interactome in the Brain

Area of Science:

• Redox biology
• Molecular physiology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Helmut Sies defined oxidative stress, eustress, and distress based on prooxidant-antioxidant balance.
• Understanding reactive species requires analyzing their identification, concentration, and interactions.
• The reactive species interactome (RSI) is a novel system for redox regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a unified framework for reactive species research.
• To integrate reactive species identification, oxidative eustress/distress, and the RSI.
• To highlight the importance of reactive carbonyl species and key enzymes within the RSI.

Main Methods:

• Conceptual framework development.
• Integration of existing definitions and systems.
• Focus on brain physiology and pathology as a model.

Main Results:

• A proposed united view combining reactive species identification, oxidative eustress/distress, and the RSI.
• Inclusion of reactive carbonyl species and key enzymes into the RSI framework.
• Demonstration of the framework's utility in understanding brain physiology and pathology.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive understanding of reactive species necessitates integrating their identification, concentration, interactions, and regulatory systems.
• The proposed unified view, including reactive carbonyl species and the RSI, offers new insights into redox biology.
• Further research is needed to explore the full potential of the RSI in various physiological and pathological contexts, particularly in the brain.